Cover of Sponges and Other Sessile Organisms in Rocky and Coral Reef Habitats of Santa Marta, Colombian Caribbean Sea 1

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a carpe t of c rus tose , f i lamentous and tha l lous a lgae , and the remainder was d iv ided among sponges , sc lerac t in ian cora ls and o ther an imals . On the sha l low rocky shore , d i f fe rences in ambient i l luminat ion and t rapped sed iments brought about by subs t ra tum inc l ina t ion , a re regarded as the main fac tors in f luencing the greater cover of algae on open (horizontal to inclined) substrata and the greater occurrence of sponges and cora ls on crypt ic (ver t ica l to overhanging) subs t ra ta . Lower preda t ion , lower i l luminat ion , and decreased turbulence may account for the grea te r number of sponge spec ies , ind iv idua ls and a rea coverage found benea th dense s tands of ramose gorgonians on hor izonta l rocky shore subs t ra ta . Compet i t ion for space among photosynthe t ic organisms, nut r i t iona l s ta tus , tu rbulence , and subs t ra tum type may influence the shift in predominance with depth from algae in the shallow, open rocky shore, to corals in the mid-depth fringing reef terrace and slope, and to sponges in the deep reef base. R E S U M E N. – Se cuantifico la abundancia y la ocupacion de espacio por esponjas y otros organismos sesiles en un lugar rocoso-coralino en las afueras de la Bahia de Santa Marta, Caribe colombiano. En esta area el c rec imiento cora l ino esta limitado por un regimen estacional que alterna entre surgencia y descarga continental. Cerca del 60% del sustrato duro estuvo cubierto por un tapete de algas costrosas, filamentosas y ta losas , y e l res to d iv id ido ent re esponjas , cora les esc lerac t in ios y o t ros animales . Las d i ferencias en iluminacion ambienta l y sed imento a t rapado segun la inclinacion del sustrato, son los factores principals que pueden influenciar la mayor cobertura de algas en el literal rocoso somero en sustrato abierto (horizontal a inclinado), y la mayor presencia de esponjas y corales en sustrato criptico (vertical a extraplomado). M e n o s depredacion, iluminacion y turbulencia, pueden explicar el mayor numero de especies , individuos y area de cobertura de esponjas presentes bajo agrupaciones densas de gorgonaceos ramosos en el sustrato hor izonta l de l l i t e ra l rocoso . La competenc ia por espac io en t re organisms fotosinteticos, t ipo nutr i t ional , turbulencia y tipo de sustrato, pueden influenciar el cambio en predominio con la profundidad, empezando con las algas en el literal rocoso abierto en aguas someras, siguiendo con los corales en la terraza y talud del a r rec i fe f ran jeante a profundidad media , y f ina l izando con las esponjas en la base a r rec i fa l a mayor p r o f u n d i d a d .

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تاریخ انتشار 1997